我问了一个有关configure的问题， 在从源代码构buildperl时不生成makefile 。 在等待解决scheme的同时，还有另外一个（可能是相关的）问题。 当我通过像sudo cpanm Try::Tiny这样的东西来安装Perl系统的perl模块sudo cpanm Try::Tiny它会失败并显示以下日志：
cpanm (App::cpanminus) 1.7040 on perl 5.018002 built for x86_64-linux-gnu-thread-multi Work directory is /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141 You have make /usr/bin/make You have LWP 6.05 You have /bin/tar: tar (GNU tar) 1.27.1 Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Written by John Gilmore and Jay Fenlason. You have /usr/bin/unzip Searching Try::Tiny () on cpanmetadb ... --> Working on Try::Tiny Fetching http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/E/ET/ETHER/Try-Tiny-0.24.tar.gz -> OK Unpacking Try-Tiny-0.24.tar.gz Entering Try-Tiny-0.24 Checking configure dependencies from META.json Checking if you have ExtUtils::MakeMaker 6.58 ... Yes (6.66) Configuring Try-Tiny-0.24 Running Makefile.PL Checking if your kit is complete... Warning: the following files are missing in your kit: lib/Try/Tiny.pm maint/bench.pl t/00-report-prereqs.dd t/00-report-prereqs.t t/basic.t t/context.t t/erroneous_usage.t t/finally.t t/given_when.t t/global_destruction_forked.t t/global_destruction_load.t t/lib/TryUser.pm t/named.t t/when.t xt/author/00-compile.t xt/author/eol.t xt/author/kwalitee.t xt/author/mojibake.t xt/author/no-tabs.t xt/author/pod-coverage.t xt/author/pod-spell.t xt/author/pod-syntax.t xt/release/changes_has_content.t xt/release/cpan-changes.t xt/release/distmeta.t xt/release/pod-no404s.t xt/release/portability.t Please inform the author. Wide character in print at /usr/share/perl/5.18/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm line 1034. Wide character in print at /usr/share/perl/5.18/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm line 1034. Wide character in print at /usr/share/perl/5.18/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm line 1034. Writing Makefile for Try::Tiny Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json -> OK Checking dependencies from MYMETA.json ... Checking if you have warnings 0 ... Yes (1.18) Checking if you have constant 0 ... Yes (1.27) Checking if you have ExtUtils::MakeMaker 0 ... Yes (6.66) Checking if you have if 0 ... Yes (0.0602) Checking if you have strict 0 ... Yes (1.07) Checking if you have Exporter 5.57 ... Yes (5.68) Checking if you have File::Spec 0 ... Yes (3.40) Checking if you have Carp 0 ... Yes (1.29) Checking if you have Test::More 0 ... Yes (1.001014) Building and testing Try-Tiny-0.24 PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /usr/bin/perl "-MExtUtils::Command::MM" "-e" "test_harness(0, 'blib/lib', 'blib/arch')" t/*.t # # Versions for all modules listed in MYMETA.json (including optional ones): # # === Configure Requires === # # Module Want Have # ------------------- ---- ---- # ExtUtils::MakeMaker any 6.66 # # === Build Requires === # # Module Want Have # ------------------- ---- ---- # ExtUtils::MakeMaker any 6.66 # # === Test Requires === # # Module Want Have # ------------------- ---- -------- # ExtUtils::MakeMaker any 6.66 # File::Spec any 3.40 # Test::More any 1.001014 # if any 0.0602 # # === Test Recommends === # # Module Want Have # ------------- -------- -------- # CPAN::Meta 2.120900 2.133380 # Capture::Tiny 0.12 missing # # === Test Suggests === # # Module Want Have # --------- ---- ------- # Sub::Util any missing # # === Runtime Requires === # # Module Want Have # -------- ---- ---- # Carp any 1.29 # Exporter 5.57 5.68 # constant any 1.27 # strict any 1.07 # warnings any 1.18 # # === Other Modules === # # Module Have # ------------- ------- # Pod::Coverage missing # t/00-report-prereqs.t .......... ok Can't locate Try/Tiny.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Try::Tiny module) (@INC contains: /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tiny-0.24/blib/lib /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tin y-0.24/blib/arch /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.18 /usr/share/perl/5.18 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .) at t/basic.t line 8. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/basic.t line 8. # Looks like your test exited with 2 before it could output anything. t/basic.t ...................... Dubious, test returned 2 (wstat 512, 0x200) Failed 25/25 subtests Can't locate Try/Tiny.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Try::Tiny module) (@INC contains: /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tiny-0.24/blib/lib /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tiny-0.24/blib/arch /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.18 /usr/share/perl/5.18 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .) at t/context.t line 6. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/context.t line 6. ... ... ##more tests failure Test Summary Report ------------------- t/basic.t (Wstat: 512 Tests: 0 Failed: 0) Non-zero exit status: 2 Parse errors: Bad plan. You planned 25 tests but ran 0. t/context.t (Wstat: 512 Tests: 0 Failed: 0) Non-zero exit status: 2 Parse errors: No plan found in TAP output t/erroneous_usage.t (Wstat: 512 Tests: 0 Failed: 0) Non-zero exit status: 2 Parse errors: Bad plan. You planned 8 tests but ran 0. t/finally.t (Wstat: 512 Tests: 0 Failed: 0) Non-zero exit status: 2 Parse errors: Bad plan. You planned 27 tests but ran 0. t/given_when.t (Wstat: 512 Tests: 0 Failed: 0) Non-zero exit status: 2 Parse errors: Bad plan. You planned 2 tests but ran 0. t/global_destruction_forked.t (Wstat: 512 Tests: 0 Failed: 0) Non-zero exit status: 2 Parse errors: Bad plan. You planned 3 tests but ran 0. t/when.t (Wstat: 512 Tests: 0 Failed: 0) Non-zero exit status: 2 Parse errors: Bad plan. You planned 5 tests but ran 0. Files=10, Tests=1, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.02 usr 0.01 sys + 0.23 cusr 0.02 csys = 0.28 CPU) Result: FAIL Failed 7/10 test programs. 0/1 subtests failed. make: *** [test_dynamic] Error 2 -> FAIL Installing Try::Tiny failed. See /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141/build.log for details. Retry with --force to force install it.
，如果我运行sudo -s ， cd到下载的模块目录并运行perl Makefile.PL && make && make test ，testing再次失败（与cpanm日志相比，不再有丢失的文件警告）：
Writing Makefile for Try::Tiny Wide character in print at /usr/share/perl/5.18/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm line 1034. Wide character in print at /usr/share/perl/5.18/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm line 1034. Wide character in print at /usr/share/perl/5.18/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm line 1034. Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json PERL_DL_NONLAZY=1 /usr/bin/perl "-MExtUtils::Command::MM" "-e" "test_harness(0, 'blib/lib', 'blib/arch')" t/*.t t/00-report-prereqs.t .......... # # Versions for all modules listed in MYMETA.json (including optional ones): # # === Configure Requires === # # Module Want Have # ------------------- ---- ---- # ExtUtils::MakeMaker any 6.66 # # === Build Requires === # # Module Want Have # ------------------- ---- ---- # ExtUtils::MakeMaker any 6.66 # # === Test Requires === # # Module Want Have # ------------------- ---- -------- # ExtUtils::MakeMaker any 6.66 # File::Spec any 3.40 # Test::More any 1.001014 # if any 0.0602 # # === Test Recommends === # # Module Want Have # ------------- -------- -------- # CPAN::Meta 2.120900 2.133380 # Capture::Tiny 0.12 missing # # === Test Suggests === # # Module Want Have # --------- ---- ------- # Sub::Util any missing # # === Runtime Requires === # # Module Want Have # -------- ---- ---- # Carp any 1.29 # Exporter 5.57 5.68 # constant any 1.27 # strict any 1.07 # warnings any 1.18 # # === Other Modules === # # Module Have # ------------- ------- # Pod::Coverage missing # t/00-report-prereqs.t .......... ok t/basic.t ...................... Can't locate Try/Tiny.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Try::Tiny module) (@INC contains: /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tiny-0.24/blib/lib /home/zxu/.cp anm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tiny-0.24/blib/arch /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.18 /usr/share/perl/5.18 /usr/local/lib/s ite_perl .) at t/basic.t line 8. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/basic.t line 8. # Looks like your test exited with 2 before it could output anything. t/basic.t ...................... Dubious, test returned 2 (wstat 512, 0x200) Failed 25/25 subtests t/context.t .................... Can't locate Try/Tiny.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Try::Tiny module) (@INC contains: /home/zxu/.cpanm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tiny-0.24/blib/lib /home/zxu/.cp anm/work/1462290395.17141/Try-Tiny-0.24/blib/arch /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.18 /usr/share/perl/5.18 /usr/local/lib/s ite_perl .) at t/context.t line 6. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at t/context.t line 6. ... ... ##more tests failure
看来模块Try :: Tiny没有安装成功，因为make没有吐出任何日志消息，testing在@INC中找不到模块。 我在Ubuntu 14.04（内核3.13.0-24-通用），并使用apt-get安装模块安装是好的。 perl -V的输出是：
Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 18 subversion 2) configuration: Platform: osname=linux, osvers=3.13.0-79-generic, archname=x86_64-linux-gnu-thread-multi uname='linux lgw01-37 3.13.0-79-generic #123-ubuntu smp fri feb 19 14:27:58 utc 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 gnulinux ' config_args='-Dusethreads -Duselargefiles -Dccflags=-DDEBIAN -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -O2 -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Dldflags= -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Dlddlflags=-shared -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Dcccdlflags=-fPIC -Darchname=x86_64-linux-gnu -Dprefix=/usr -Dprivlib=/usr/share/perl/5.18 -Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl/5.18 -Dvendorpre fix=/usr -Dvendorlib=/usr/share/perl5 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5 -Dsiteprefix=/usr/local -Dsitelib=/usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 -Dsitearch=/usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2 -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 -Dman3d ir=/usr/share/man/man3 -Dsiteman1dir=/usr/local/man/man1 -Dsiteman3dir=/usr/local/man/man3 -Duse64bitint -Dman1ext=1 -Dman3ext=3perl -Dpager=/usr/bin/sensible-pager -Uafs -Ud_csh -Ud_ualarm -Uusesfio -Uus enm -Ui_libutil -Uversiononly -DDEBUGGING=-g -Doptimize=-O2 -Duseshrplib -Dlibperl=libperl.so.5.18.2 -des' hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define useithreads=define, usemultiplicity=define useperlio=define, d_sfio=undef, uselargefiles=define, usesocks=undef use64bitint=define, use64bitall=define, uselongdouble=undef usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef Compiler: cc='cc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DDEBIAN -fstack-protector -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64', optimize='-O2 -g', cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DDEBIAN -fstack-protector -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -I/usr/local/include' ccversion='', gccversion='4.8.2', gccosandvers='' intsize=4, longsize=8, ptrsize=8, doublesize=8, byteorder=12345678 d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=16 ivtype='long', ivsize=8, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8 alignbytes=8, prototype=define Linker and Libraries: ld='cc', ldflags =' -fstack-protector -L/usr/local/lib' libpth=/usr/local/lib /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /lib/../lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/../lib /lib /usr/lib libs=-lgdbm -lgdbm_compat -ldb -ldl -lm -lpthread -lc -lcrypt perllibs=-ldl -lm -lpthread -lc -lcrypt libc=, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so.5.18.2 gnulibc_version='2.19' Dynamic Linking: dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,-E' cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared -L/usr/local/lib -fstack-protector' Characteristics of this binary (from libperl): Compile-time options: HAS_TIMES MULTIPLICITY PERLIO_LAYERS PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV PERL_HASH_FUNC_ONE_AT_A_TIME_HARD PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT PERL_MALLOC_WRAP PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV PERL_SAWAMPERSAND USE_64_BIT_ALL USE_64_BIT_INT USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES USE_LOCALE USE_LOCALE_COLLATE USE_LOCALE_CTYPE USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC USE_PERLIO USE_PERL_ATOF USE_REENTRANT_API Locally applied patches: DEBPKG:debian/cpan_definstalldirs - Provide a sensible INSTALLDIRS default for modules installed from CPAN. DEBPKG:debian/db_file_ver - http://bugs.debian.org/340047 Remove overly restrictive DB_File version check. DEBPKG:debian/doc_info - Replace generic man(1) instructions with Debian-specific information. DEBPKG:debian/enc2xs_inc - http://bugs.debian.org/290336 Tweak enc2xs to follow symlinks and ignore missing @INC directories. DEBPKG:debian/errno_ver - http://bugs.debian.org/343351 Remove Errno version check due to upgrade problems with long-running processes. DEBPKG:debian/libperl_embed_doc - http://bugs.debian.org/186778 Note that libperl-dev package is required for embedded linking DEBPKG:fixes/respect_umask - Respect umask during installation DEBPKG:debian/writable_site_dirs - Set umask approproately for site install directories DEBPKG:debian/extutils_set_libperl_path - EU:MM: Set location of libperl.a to /usr/lib DEBPKG:debian/no_packlist_perllocal - Don't install .packlist or perllocal.pod for perl or vendor DEBPKG:debian/prefix_changes - Fiddle with *PREFIX and variables written to the makefile DEBPKG:debian/fakeroot - Postpone LD_LIBRARY_PATH evaluation to the binary targets. DEBPKG:debian/instmodsh_doc - Debian policy doesn't install .packlist files for core or vendor. DEBPKG:debian/ld_run_path - Remove standard libs from LD_RUN_PATH as per Debian policy. DEBPKG:debian/libnet_config_path - Set location of libnet.cfg to /etc/perl/Net as /usr may not be writable. DEBPKG:debian/mod_paths - Tweak @INC ordering for Debian DEBPKG:debian/module_build_man_extensions - http://bugs.debian.org/479460 Adjust Module::Build manual page extensions for the Debian Perl policy DEBPKG:debian/prune_libs - http://bugs.debian.org/128355 Prune the list of libraries wanted to what we actually need. DEBPKG:fixes/net_smtp_docs - [rt.cpan.org #36038] http://bugs.debian.org/100195 Document the Net::SMTP 'Port' option DEBPKG:debian/perlivp - http://bugs.debian.org/510895 Make perlivp skip include directories in /usr/local DEBPKG:debian/cpanplus_definstalldirs - http://bugs.debian.org/533707 Configure CPANPLUS to use the site directories by default. DEBPKG:debian/cpanplus_config_path - Save local versions of CPANPLUS::Config::System into /etc/perl. DEBPKG:debian/deprecate-with-apt - http://bugs.debian.org/702096 Point users to Debian packages of deprecated core modules DEBPKG:debian/squelch-locale-warnings - http://bugs.debian.org/508764 Squelch locale warnings in Debian package maintainer scripts DEBPKG:debian/skip-upstream-git-tests - Skip tests specific to the upstream Git repository DEBPKG:debian/patchlevel - http://bugs.debian.org/567489 List packaged patches for 5.18.2-2ubuntu1.1 in patchlevel.h DEBPKG:debian/skip-kfreebsd-crash - http://bugs.debian.org/628493 [perl #96272] Skip a crashing test case in t/op/threads.t on GNU/kFreeBSD DEBPKG:fixes/document_makemaker_ccflags - http://bugs.debian.org/628522 [rt.cpan.org #68613] Document that CCFLAGS should include $Config{ccflags} DEBPKG:debian/find_html2text - http://bugs.debian.org/640479 Configure CPAN::Distribution with correct name of html2text DEBPKG:debian/hurd_test_skip_stack - http://bugs.debian.org/650175 Disable failing GNU/Hurd tests dist/threads/t/stack.t DEBPKG:fixes/manpage_name_Test-Harness - http://bugs.debian.org/650451 [rt.cpan.org #73399] cpan/Test-Harness: add NAME headings in modules with POD DEBPKG:debian/makemaker-pasthru - http://bugs.debian.org/660195 [rt.cpan.org #28632] Make EU::MM pass LD through to recursive Makefile.PL invocations DEBPKG:debian/perl5db-x-terminal-emulator.patch - http://bugs.debian.org/668490 Invoke x-terminal-emulator rather than xterm in perl5db.pl DEBPKG:debian/cpan-missing-site-dirs - http://bugs.debian.org/688842 Fix CPAN::FirstTime defaults with nonexisting site dirs if a parent is writable DEBPKG:fixes/memoize_storable_nstore - [rt.cpan.org #77790] http://bugs.debian.org/587650 Memoize::Storable: respect 'nstore' option not respected DEBPKG:fixes/net_ftp_failed_command - [rt.cpan.org #37700] http://bugs.debian.org/491062 Net::FTP: cope gracefully with a failed command DEBPKG:fixes/perlbug-patchlist - [3541c11] http://bugs.debian.org/710842 [perl #118433] Make perlbug look up the list of local patches at run time DEBPKG:fixes/module_metadata_security_doc - [68cdd4b] CVE-2013-1437 documentation fix DEBPKG:fixes/module_metadata_taint_fix - [bff978f] http://bugs.debian.org/722210 [rt.cpan.org #88576] untaint version, if needed, in Module::Metadata DEBPKG:fixes/IPC-SysV-spelling - http://bugs.debian.org/730558 [rt.cpan.org #86736] Fix spelling of IPC_CREAT in IPC-SysV documentation DEBPKG:fixes/fix-undef-source - DEBPKG:fixes/CVE-2013-7422.patch - [PATCH] [perl #119505] Segfault from bad backreference DEBPKG:fixes/CVE-2014-4330.patch - [PATCH] don't recurse infinitely in Data::Dumper DEBPKG:fixes/CVE-2016-2381.patch - [PATCH 1/2] remove duplicate environment variables from environ Built under linux Compiled at Mar 1 2016 17:15:04 @INC: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.18 /usr/share/perl/5.18 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .
看来，系统Perl是针对不同的内核版本3.13.0-79-generic构build的。 这可能是问题吗？ Plz帮助！ 让我知道如果你需要更多的信息。 谢谢。
基于这个邮件列表线程 ，特别是第三篇文章，我建议编辑'/usr/lib/perl//Config.pm'，这样dont_use_nlink被设置为'define'而不是undef。 这个解决方案为我工作。