作为背景，这是我的环境：
vishal@dishDell:~$ gem env RubyGems Environment: - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 1.8.24 - RUBY VERSION: 1.9.3 (2011-10-30 patchlevel 0) [x86_64-linux] - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1 - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/bin - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS: - ruby - x86_64-linux - GEM PATHS: - /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1 - /home/vishal/.gem/ruby/1.9.1 - GEM CONFIGURATION: - :update_sources => true - :verbose => true - :benchmark => false - :backtrace => false - :bulk_threshold => 1000 - REMOTE SOURCES: - http://rubygems.org/ 当我尝试运行gem install rails时会发生这种情况。
vishal@dishDell:~$ sudo gem install rails [sudo] password for vishal: Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing rails: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb /usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError) from /usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' from extconf.rb:1:in `<main>' Gem files will remain installed in /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.7.3 for inspection. Results logged to /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.7.3/ext/json/ext/parser/gem_make.out
我使用apt-get安装了Ruby 1.9.3，并在rubygems.org上从tarball安装了RubyGems。 我该怎么做才能使这个工作？
正如在其他的Stackoverflow问题中指出的，检查你是否有ruby-1.9-dev或者ruby-1.9.3-dev包。 如果丢失，请安装它，然后尝试安装导轨。
另外，看看RVM同时安装和管理多个ruby版本。
这与Ubuntu 12.10工作：
sudo apt-get install ruby sudo apt-get install ruby-dev sudo apt-get install rubygems sudo gem install rails