我试图通过外部IP地址连接到我新安装的Apache Web服务器。 通过127.0.0.1连接是好的，这只是一个问题，当使用外部IP地址。
我的操作系统是Ubuntu 13.10。 我正在使用Apache 2.4并在端口80上侦听。
我在路由器上设置了转发，并使用http://canyouseeme.org/上的服务进行了检查，其中端口80显示为开放。 我能够通过使用我的外部IP地址，并指定端口80通过telnet连接，也检查http://downforeveryoneorjustme.com/它说我的网站是在哪里？
如果有帮助，我也尝试了所有这些与其他港口只是为了testing。
我的ufw不活跃，但是我的iptables中只有一行，这是我为解决问题所做的努力的一部分，这里写着：
26 1557 ACCEPT tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http 如果有帮助，我在下面包含了我的Apacheconfiguration文件。
# This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about # the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific # hints. # # # Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian: # The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to # upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's # default Apache2 installation attempts to make adding and removing modules, # virtual hosts, and extra configuration directives as flexible as possible, in # order to make automating the changes and administering the server as easy as # possible. # It is split into several files forming the configuration hierarchy outlined # below, all located in the /etc/apache2/ directory: # # /etc/apache2/ # |-- apache2.conf # | `-- ports.conf # |-- mods-enabled # | |-- *.load # | `-- *.conf # |-- conf-enabled # | `-- *.conf # `-- sites-enabled # `-- *.conf # # # * apache2.conf is the main configuration file (this file). It puts the pieces # together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the # web server. # # * ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is # supposed to determine listening ports for incoming connections which can be # customized anytime. # # * Configuration files in the mods-enabled/, conf-enabled/ and sites-enabled/ # directories contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules, # global configuration fragments, or virtual host configurations, # respectively. # # They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their # respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our # helpers a2enmod/a2dismod, a2ensite/a2dissite and a2enconf/a2disconf. See # their respective man pages for detailed information. # # * The binary is called apache2. Due to the use of environment variables, in # the default configuration, apache2 needs to be started/stopped with # /etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not # work with the default configuration. # Global configuration ServerName localhost # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the Mutex documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#mutex>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # #ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 5 # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # eg, www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Available values: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn, # error, crit, alert, emerg. # It is also possible to configure the log level for particular modules, eg # "LogLevel info ssl:warn" # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf # Include list of ports to listen on Include ports.conf # Sets the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server. It does # not allow access to the root filesystem outside of /usr/share and /var/www. # The former is used by web applications packaged in Debian, # the latter may be used for local directories served by the web server. If # your system is serving content from a sub-directory in /srv you must allow # access here, or in any related virtual host. <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all denied </Directory> <Directory /usr/share> AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> <Directory /var/www> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> #<Directory /srv/> # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # AllowOverride None # Require all granted #</Directory> # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <FilesMatch "^\.ht"> Require all denied </FilesMatch> # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive. # # These deviate from the Common Log Format definitions in that they use %O # (the actual bytes sent including headers) instead of %b (the size of the # requested file), because the latter makes it impossible to detect partial # requests. # # Note that the use of %{X-Forwarded-For}i instead of %h is not recommended. # Use mod_remoteip instead. # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf # Include the virtual host configurations: IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
ports.conf
# If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also # have to change the VirtualHost statement in # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default Listen 0.0.0.0:80 <IfModule ssl_module> Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
启用站点-/ 000-default.conf
<VirtualHost *:80> # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless. # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly. ServerName localhost ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn, # error, crit, alert, emerg. # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular # modules, eg #LogLevel info ssl:warn ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf". #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf </VirtualHost> # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
如果任何人能够通过指引我正确的方向来提供帮助，那真的会有帮助。
（请注意，我现在已经把监听端口改为8000）
sudo netstat -napW | grep apache tcp6 0 0 :::8000 :::* LISTEN 1118/apache2
关于telnet（telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8000），现在它的行为不同，因为它将不再连接。 它只是试图连接，然后超时。 虽然我的8000端口在canyouseeme.org上显示为打开，但对于每个人来说，也不再说这个问题了。
我的访问日志只显示本地连接。 我不认为错误日志显示任何东西，但有条目，作为一个新手，我不愿意只是假设，所以我已经包括了以下最后几条。
normal operations [Fri Dec 27 22:20:05.672859 2013] [core:notice] [pid 19548:tid 139673813047168] AH00094: Command line: '/usr/sbin/apache2' [Fri Dec 27 22:49:55.262428 2013] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 19548:tid 139673813047168] AH00491: caught SIGTERM, shutting down [Sat Dec 28 09:16:57.693712 2013] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1118:tid 140053653940096] AH00489: Apache/2.4.6 (Ubuntu) configured -- resuming normal operations [Sat Dec 28 09:16:57.705967 2013] [core:notice] [pid 1118:tid 140053653940096] AH00094: Command line: '/usr/sbin/apache2'
此外，我不知道这是否是相关的，但我刚刚对我的外部IP地址做了端口8000的nmap扫描，它显示为过滤？ 结果如下：
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 8000/tcp filtered http-alt
更多信息…
我怀疑它可能不会直接成为Apache的问题！ 我刚刚尝试设置netcat监听同一个端口，它将提供一个小的HTML文件，当连接和相同的情况发生。 Netcat通过127.0.0.1和192.168.1.2（我的本地IP地址）提供文件，但不通过外部IP地址提供？ 这是我用的：
while true; do nc -l 192.168.1.2 -p 8000 -q 1 < test.html; done
我也尝试过：
while true; do nc -l 0.0.0.0 -p 8000 -q 1 < test.html; done
但无济于事。
***** 好极了！ 这是工作*****
这是一个组合，虽然其中一个我仍然不明白。
这里的主要问题是，我必须是一个白痴，我不知道你不能连接到你的局域网内的外部IP地址，而不使用networking环回。 事实certificate，我的路由器不支持它。 之前我已经阅读过这方面的内容，并试图通过使用外部服务（downforeveryone等）来进行testing。
我不明白的东西（我认为它更复杂）是因为某种原因，我不能在8000端口前进？ 如果我这样做，那么它不起作用。
目前我还有Apache监听端口8000，我的路由器转发80端口到8000端口的请求，没事的; 但是，如果我将路由器上的端口更改为8000，所以它从8000转发到8000然后它不起作用。