如何在Ubuntu上使用Mesa 10.1启用OpenGL 3.3

我试图得到一个基于OpenGL的渲染引擎，依靠OpenGL 3.3和GLSL 3.3在Ubuntu 13.10上使用AMD Radeon 6950运行。我想使用开源驱动（ radeon ），依靠Mesa来实现他们的OpenGL实现。 Ubuntu 13.10只提供了Mesa 9.2（实现OpenGL 3.1）“开箱即用”。 然而，可以从这个PPA安装Mesa 10.1（实现OpenGL 3.3），正如这个线程所解释的那样：

StackOverflow： Ubuntu 12.04下的HD Graphics 4000上的OpenGL和GLSL 3.3

我使用了与在那里解释的完全相同的步骤：

 1.) Add the PPA Repository $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers 2.) Update sources $ sudo apt-get update 3.) Dist-upgrade (rebuilds many packages) $ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 4.) Then I rebooted. 

Mesa 10.1已成功安装。 然而， glxinfo虽然现在报告Mesa 10.1正在使用，但仍然只报告OpenGL 3.0（compatconfiguration文件）和OpenGL 3.1（核心configuration文件）：

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 $ glxinfo | grep OpenGL OpenGL vendor string: X.Org OpenGL renderer string: Gallium 0.4 on AMD CAYMAN OpenGL core profile version string: 3.1 (Core Profile) Mesa 10.1.0-devel (git-7f57408 saucy-oibaf-ppa+curaga) OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 1.40 OpenGL core profile context flags: (none) OpenGL core profile extensions: OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 10.1.0-devel (git-7f57408 saucy-oibaf-ppa+curaga) OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30 OpenGL context flags: (none) OpenGL extensions: 

这是为什么？ 我如何启用OpenGL 3.3？ 在我提到的StackOverflow线程中比较可以看出， glxinfo可能会报告OpenGL 3.3。 我知道glxinfo可能会根据Mesa 10.1发行说明报告错误的版本号，但是我试图运行的渲染引擎因此而失败 。

我使用下面的代码来产生一个窗口：

 glfwOpenWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_VERSION_MAJOR, 3); glfwOpenWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_VERSION_MINOR, 3); glfwOpenWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, 0); if(GL_TRUE != glfwOpenWindow( _windowDimensions.x, _windowDimensions.y, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 0, GLFW_WINDOW)) { THROW("GLFW error: failed to create window."); } 

当我尝试使用这个设置运行渲染引擎时，上面的exception被抛出，因为OpenGL 3.3不被支持。 我可以将GLFW_OPENGL_VERSION_MINOR设置为0 ，然后窗口可以正常打开，但稍后会抛出exception，因为需要GLSL 3.3着色器。

另外请注意，当我使用专有的fglrx驱动程序（然后glxinfo报告OpenGL版本4.2），渲染引擎运行正常，所以应用程序本身真的不是问题，但支持的OpenGL是。

那么我做错了什么？ 为什么Mesa 10.1不支持OpenGL 3.3？ 我的显卡当然支持它。

以下是一些可能有用的附加信息。

 $ apt-cache policy libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-glx: Installed: 10.1~git1402041945.7f5740+curaga~gd~s Candidate: 10.1~git1402041945.7f5740+curaga~gd~s Version table: *** 10.1~git1402041945.7f5740+curaga~gd~s 0 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/oibaf/graphics-drivers/ubuntu/ saucy/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 9.2.1-1ubuntu3 0 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy/main amd64 Packages $ lspci -vv ...snip... 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Cayman PRO [Radeon HD 6950] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Hightech Information System Ltd. Device 2307 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 53 Region 0: Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Region 2: Memory at fe620000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K] Region 4: I/O ports at e000 [size=256] Expansion ROM at fe600000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: radeon ...snip... $ lsmod | egrep 'radeon|fglrx' radeon 1402995 3 i2c_algo_bit 13413 1 radeon ttm 84169 1 radeon drm_kms_helper 52710 1 radeon drm 297056 5 ttm,drm_kms_helper,radeon $ modinfo radeon filename: /lib/modules/3.11.0-15-generic/kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/radeon/radeon.ko license: GPL and additional rights description: ATI Radeon author: Gareth Hughes, Keith Whitwell, others. ...snip... firmware: radeon/CAYMAN_smc.bin firmware: radeon/CAYMAN_rlc.bin firmware: radeon/CAYMAN_mc.bin firmware: radeon/CAYMAN_me.bin firmware: radeon/CAYMAN_pfp.bin ...snip... srcversion: D174B1E4686391B33437915 alias: pci:v00001002d000099A4sv*sd*bc*sc*i* alias: pci:v00001002d000099A2sv*sd*bc*sc*i* ...snip... depends: drm,drm_kms_helper,ttm,i2c-algo-bit intree: Y vermagic: 3.11.0-15-generic SMP mod_unload modversions parm: no_wb:Disable AGP writeback for scratch registers (int) parm: modeset:Disable/Enable modesetting (int) parm: dynclks:Disable/Enable dynamic clocks (int) parm: r4xx_atom:Enable ATOMBIOS modesetting for R4xx (int) parm: vramlimit:Restrict VRAM for testing (int) parm: agpmode:AGP Mode (-1 == PCI) (int) parm: gartsize:Size of PCIE/IGP gart to setup in megabytes (32, 64, etc) (int) parm: benchmark:Run benchmark (int) parm: test:Run tests (int) parm: connector_table:Force connector table (int) parm: tv:TV enable (0 = disable) (int) parm: audio:Audio enable (1 = enable) (int) parm: disp_priority:Display Priority (0 = auto, 1 = normal, 2 = high) (int) parm: hw_i2c:hw i2c engine enable (0 = disable) (int) parm: pcie_gen2:PCIE Gen2 mode (-1 = auto, 0 = disable, 1 = enable) (int) parm: msi:MSI support (1 = enable, 0 = disable, -1 = auto) (int) parm: lockup_timeout:GPU lockup timeout in ms (defaul 10000 = 10 seconds, 0 = disable) (int) parm: fastfb:Direct FB access for IGP chips (0 = disable, 1 = enable) (int) parm: dpm:DPM support (1 = enable, 0 = disable, -1 = auto) (int) parm: aspm:ASPM support (1 = enable, 0 = disable, -1 = auto) (int) $ dpkg -S /lib/modules/3.11.0-15-generic/kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/radeon/radeon.ko linux-image-extra-3.11.0-15-generic: /lib/modules/3.11.0-15-generic/kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/radeon/radeon.ko $ apt-cache policy linux-image-extra-3.11.0-15-generic linux-image-extra-3.11.0-15-generic: Installed: 3.11.0-15.25 Candidate: 3.11.0-15.25 Version table: *** 3.11.0-15.25 0 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy-updates/main amd64 Packages 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy-security/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 

 glfwOpenWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, 0); 

 glfwOpenWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE); 

 OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 10.6.0 OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30 OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 10.6.0 OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30