这个valgrind错误是什么意思？

我有一个基本的库，我用来绘制OpenGL的文本，当我使用valgrind，以确保它是密封的。 我不断得到一个不寻常的错误，在我看来，如果Linux的C ++库是错误的。 我想看看，如果你们可以发现我的错误或authentication我害怕，那就是我的c + +库有故障，需要更换。 代码非常简单，但它同时使用了OpenGL和FreeImage，所以某些行不会有意义。

这里是fontsystem.h：

#ifndef FONTSYSTEM_H #define FONTSYSTEM_H /* The Font System works by loading all the font images (max image size 32px^2) into memory and storing the OpenGL texture ID's into an array that can be access at all times. The DrawString() functions will search through the string for the specified character requested to draw and then it will draw a quad and paint the texture on it. Since all the images are pre-loaded, no loading of the images at load time is necessary, this is memory consuming but efficiant for the CPU. ALL functions WILL return a character string specifing errors or success. A function will work as long as it can and when an error happens, unless the error is fatal, the functions will NOT rollback changes! This ensures that during testing, a very certain bug can be spotted. */ #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <string.h> #include <assert.h> #include <GL/gl.h> #include <GL/glu.h> #include <GL/glext.h> #include <FreeImage.h> #define REPORT(x) (std::cout<<x) #define TIME clock() class CFont { public: CFont(); ~CFont(); void DrawString(char *apString, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY); void DrawString(long anNumber, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY); void SetPath(char avPath[]); void SetupFont(); // This function will load as many images as possible into memory. private: GLuint *mpTextIDs; int *mpDrawIDs; char *mpPath; public: CFont(const CFont& a): mpTextIDs(a.mpTextIDs), mpDrawIDs(a.mpDrawIDs), mpPath(a.mpPath) { std::copy(a.mpTextIDs, a.mpTextIDs+128, mpTextIDs); std::copy(a.mpDrawIDs, a.mpDrawIDs+128, mpDrawIDs); std::copy(a.mpPath, a.mpPath + strlen(a.mpPath), mpPath); } CFont& operator=(const CFont& a) { GLuint *iTmpTex = new GLuint[128]; int *iTmpDraw = new int[1024]; char *vTmpPath = new char[4096]; delete[] mpTextIDs; delete[] mpDrawIDs; delete[] mpPath; std::copy(a.mpTextIDs, a.mpTextIDs+128, iTmpTex); std::copy(a.mpDrawIDs, a.mpDrawIDs+128, iTmpDraw); std::copy(a.mpPath, a.mpPath + strlen(a.mpPath), vTmpPath); mpTextIDs = iTmpTex; mpDrawIDs = iTmpDraw; mpPath = vTmpPath; return *this; } }; #endif // FONTSYSTEM_H 

这里是fontsystem.cpp：

 #include "fontsystem.h" CFont::CFont() { mpTextIDs = new GLuint[128]; mpDrawIDs = new int[1024]; mpPath = new char[4096]; } CFont::~CFont() { delete[] mpTextIDs; delete[] mpDrawIDs; delete[] mpPath; } void CFont::DrawString(char *apString, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY) { // Sanity check! if(apString == NULL) { REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Drawing string is NULL! <Font System>\n"); return; } if(aiLetterSize <= 0) { REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Letter size is less than zero! <Font System>\n"); return; } // Search the string from most significant character to least significant. int iSelectIndex = 0; int iNumOfSymb = 0; for(size_t i = 0; apString[i] != '\0'; ++i) { iSelectIndex = apString[i] >= '0' && apString[i] <= '9' ? (apString[i] - '0') : apString[i] >= 'A' && apString[i] <= 'Z' ? (apString[i] - 'A' + 10) : apString[i] >= 'a' && apString[i] <= 'z' ? (apString[i] - 'a' + 10) : apString[i] == ' ' ? 36 : // This is a special case, This see's if the current character is a space or not. -1; if(iSelectIndex == -1) { return; } // Add the current selected character to the drawing array. mpDrawIDs[i] = iSelectIndex; ++iNumOfSymb; } // Go through and draw each and every character. for(size_t i = 0; apString[i] != '\0'/*static_cast<size_t>(iNumOfSymb)*/; ++i) { // Paint each qaud with the X,Y coordinates. After each quad has been successfully drawn, // Add the size to the X coordinate. NOTE: Each character is square!!! glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mpTextIDs[(uint)apString[i]]); int yPos = apString[i] != 'q' || apString[i] != 'j' || apString[i] != 'y' ? aiY : aiY + (aiLetterSize/2); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glTexCoord2d(0, 0); glVertex2d(aiX, yPos); glTexCoord2d(1, 0); glVertex2d(aiX + aiLetterSize, yPos); glTexCoord2d(1, 1); glVertex2d(aiX + aiLetterSize, yPos + aiLetterSize); glTexCoord2d(0, 1); glVertex2d(aiX, yPos + aiLetterSize); glEnd(); // Now, increase the X position by the size. aiX += aiLetterSize; } } void CFont::DrawString(long anNumber, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY) { // Sanity Check! if(aiLetterSize <= 0) { REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Letter size is less than zero! <Font System>\n"); return; } // Convert the supplied number to a character string via snprintf(). char *vTempString = new char[1024]; snprintf(vTempString, 1024, "%ld", anNumber); // Next, run DrawString(). DrawString(vTempString, aiLetterSize, aiX, aiY); } void CFont::SetupFont() { // First Load The PNG file holding the font. FreeImage_Initialise(false); FIBITMAP *spBitmap = FreeImage_Load(FIF_PNG, mpPath, BMP_DEFAULT); if(!spBitmap) { REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Was Unable to opne/decode font bitmap! <FreeImage>\n"); return; } // Do an image sanity check. if(!FreeImage_HasPixels(spBitmap)) { REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: The font bitmap contains nothing! <FreeImage>\n"); return; } // Retrieve all the image data from FreeImage. unsigned char *pData = FreeImage_GetBits(spBitmap); int iWidth = FreeImage_GetWidth(spBitmap); int iHeight = FreeImage_GetHeight(spBitmap); size_t const ciCharWidth = iHeight; size_t const ciCharHeight = iHeight; // Cutup the PNG. int iFontElementSize = (ciCharWidth*ciCharHeight)*4; // The first two numbers, are the dimensions fo the element, the last number (4) is the number of color channels (Red Green Blue and Alpha) unsigned char *pElemBuff = new unsigned char[iFontElementSize]; // The temporary element buffer. // Create all 37 OpenGL textures. 0-9 and AZ and finally space (' ') glGenTextures(128, mpTextIDs); for (size_t iCharIdx = 0; 128 > iCharIdx; ++iCharIdx) { // Create character texture. size_t const ciScanOfst = ciCharWidth * iCharIdx * 4; for (size_t iScanLineIdx = 0; ciCharHeight > iScanLineIdx; ++iScanLineIdx) { memcpy(pElemBuff + ciCharWidth * iScanLineIdx * 4, pData + ciScanOfst + iWidth * (ciCharHeight - iScanLineIdx - 1) * 4, ciCharWidth * 4); } // Create The OpenGL Texture with the current Element. glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mpTextIDs[iCharIdx]); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 32, 32, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pElemBuff); // Create the correct texture environment to the current texture. glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_GENERATE_MIPMAP, GL_TRUE); } // Do a little house cleaning! delete[] pElemBuff; FreeImage_Unload(spBitmap); FreeImage_DeInitialise(); REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Information: Font was created succesfully! <Font System>\n"); } void CFont::SetPath(char avPath[]) { mpPath = avPath; } 

Valgrind报告如下：

• 现在是否值得实施一个slab分配器？
• 有没有什么办法编译和运行程序作为big endian在小端PC？
• logging内存访问会导致严重的页面错误
• mmap如何工作？ 我的意思是，什么样的问题可以使它失败
• 在Linux上，我应该如何计算从/ proc / mem中的信息的可用内存量？

 Starting the FontSystem... FontSystem Started! ==5058== Invalid free() / delete / delete[] / realloc() ==5058== at 0x402A8DC: operator delete[](void*) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so) ==5058== by 0x8048F03: CFont::~CFont() (fontsystem.cpp:14) ==5058== by 0x8048DE0: main (main.cpp:13) ==5058== Address 0x804972f is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd ==5058== ==5058== ==5058== HEAP SUMMARY: ==5058== in use at exit: 4,172 bytes in 3 blocks ==5058== total heap usage: 153 allocs, 151 frees, 135,457 bytes allocated ==5058== ==5058== 20 bytes in 1 blocks are still reachable in loss record 1 of 3 ==5058== at 0x402A5E6: calloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so) ==5058== by 0x64DB3AD: _dlerror_run (dlerror.c:142) ==5058== by 0x444EC64: ??? (in /usr/lib/libGL.so.295.59) ==5058== ==5058== 56 bytes in 1 blocks are still reachable in loss record 2 of 3 ==5058== at 0x402BE68: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so) ==5058== by 0x442860E: ??? (in /usr/lib/libGL.so.295.59) ==5058== by 0xBE872481: ??? ==5058== by 0x4E45504E: ??? ==5058== ==5058== 4,096 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 3 of 3 ==5058== at 0x402B454: operator new[](unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so) ==5058== by 0x8048EAC: CFont::CFont() (fontsystem.cpp:7) ==5058== by 0x8048D68: main (main.cpp:7) ==5058== ==5058== LEAK SUMMARY: ==5058== definitely lost: 4,096 bytes in 1 blocks ==5058== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==5058== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==5058== still reachable: 76 bytes in 2 blocks ==5058== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==5058== ==5058== ERROR SUMMARY: 2 errors from 2 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0) 

我希望你们能帮助我，因为这似乎是我所有计划中的常见错误。 作为一名编码员，我不太喜欢微妙的，但令人讨厌的错误。

 ==5058== Invalid free() / delete / delete[] / realloc() ==5058== at 0x402A8DC: operator delete[](void*) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so) ==5058== by 0x8048F03: CFont::~CFont() (fontsystem.cpp:14) ==5058== by 0x8048DE0: main (main.cpp:13) ==5058== Address 0x804972f is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd ==5058== 

 delete[] mpPath; 

 mpPath = new char[4096]; 

 void CFont::SetPath(char avPath[]) { mpPath = avPath; } 

 ==5058== 4,096 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 3 of 3 ==5058== at 0x402B454: operator new[](unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so) ==5058== by 0x8048EAC: CFont::CFont() (fontsystem.cpp:7) ==5058== by 0x8048D68: main (main.cpp:7) 

 void CFont::SetPath(char avPath[]) { mpPath = avPath; }